How to Takeing reading on level machine

Taking reading on level machine:        

         first of all set the level instrument on tripod .then start taking reading

                                                     fig no  5

CROSS HAIR USING METHOD
first taking back side reading(B.S) then add with beach mark(B.M) for instrument hight then takeing inter side reading (I.S) and the last take fore side reading(F.S)
and establish new station point .
cross hair find only vertical condition of the earth
STUDIA HAIR  
                      studia hair have on the diaphram
                     there are two hair on the diaphram 
1. upper hair 
               first take reading upper hair on the stuff rod 
2.lower hair 
                  2nd take reading on the lower hair as we take in the diagram 

FORMULA FOR HORIZENTAL SURFACE IN THE LEVEL INSTRUMENT     


                           for example upper hair =a
                                            lower hair=b
               a=17
               b=10
find the horizental surface from the centring of level instrument  to the staff rod?
solve:
                 a-bx100 (eq)
                 17-10=7
           then putting the value of a-b in to formula
                   7x100=700m
the value of 700m from the centrening of level to the staff 

 I will discuss parts in another post with explanation

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